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ERG (gene)
''ERG'' (''ETS-related gene'') is an oncogene meaning that it encodes a protein that typically is mutated in cancer. ERG is a member of the ETS (erythroblast transformation- specific) family of transcription factors.〔http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2078〕 The ''ERG'' gene encodes for a protein, also called ERG, that functions as a transcriptional regulator. Genes in the ETS family regulate embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis.
== Function ==
Transcriptional regulator ERG is a nuclear protein that binds purine-rich sequences of DNA. Transcriptional regulator ERG is required for platelet adhesion to the subendothelium and regulates hematopoiesis. It has a DNA binding domain and a PNT (pointed) domain.〔 ERG is expressed at higher levels in early myelocytes than in mature lymphocytes (types of white blood cells). Therefore ERG may act as a regulator of differentiation of early hematopoietic cells.
The Mld2 mutation generated through an ENU mutagenesis screen, was the first non-functional allele of ''Erg''. Homozygous Mld2 is embryonic lethal at day 13.5. Adult mice heterozygous for the Mld2 mutation have hematopoietic stem cell defects. This means that when the ERG gene was not actively transcribed and the ERG protein produced, a mouse's hematopoietic cells were unable to function properly. Since ERG is important to the ability of the hematopoietic cells to function and self-renew, there may be applications in using blood stem cells for tissue repair, transplantation and other therapeutic applications.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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